{"id":13745,"date":"2019-12-10T14:57:21","date_gmt":"2019-12-10T19:57:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.observatoireprevention.org\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/"},"modified":"2024-02-21T13:46:01","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T18:46:01","slug":"exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wp-block-borealisaurora-aurora-custom-block-posts-resume wp-block-borealisaurora-aurora-custom-block-posts-resume\">\n    <div class=\"aurora-custom-block-posts-resume\">\n        <div class=\"container\">\n            <div class=\"title\">\n                <h2>Overview<\/h2>\n            <\/div>\n                <div class=\"content\" >\n                \n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sedentary men did supervised exercise&nbsp;3 times a week for 6 weeks after ingesting either a sugary drink or a sugar-free placebo drink.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Participants who exercised on an empty stomach \u201cburned\u201d twice as much fat as those who consumed a sugary drink before exercise sessions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Participants who exercised on an empty stomach also saw their insulin sensitivity improve more than those who ingested calories before the exercise sessions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<p>It is now well established that exercise in all its forms improves overall health. In addition to increasing cardiorespiratory capacity, regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity and reduces insulin secretion after meals. However, each individual\u2019s response to similar exercises is very variable: some people become fitter or lose more weight or stabilize their blood sugar more than others. One of the factors that could be important is the timing of meals and exercise sessions. Muscles use energy in the form of sugars and fats, which can come from the last meal or from reserves in the body when fasting. The accumulation of too much fat in the muscles is problematic for health, because the fat-engorged muscles do not respond well to insulin, a hormone that stimulates the absorption of glucose by muscle, adipose and liver cells. Therefore, excess fat in the muscles can contribute to insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and increased risks of type&nbsp;2 diabetes and other metabolic imbalances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgz104\/5599745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a randomized controlled study<\/a>, an international team tested the effect of the timing of meals on the metabolic benefits associated with exercise. Thirty sedentary and overweight or obese men were divided into three groups (see figure below): a control group that continued to live normally and two other groups that did supervised exercise in the morning (treadmill running), three times a week for six weeks, without breakfast; the second group ingested a vanilla-flavoured drink containing 20% sugar two hours before each exercise session, whereas the third group ingested a vanilla-flavoured placebo beverage containing water and no calories. After each morning exercise session, participants in both groups drank the beverage they had not received prior to the session. This means that all the runners ingested the same number of calories and did the same amount of exercise, only the timing of calorie consumption differed, i.e. before or after the exercise session.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Study_protocol_summary-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5282\" style=\"width:844px;height:432px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Figure. Protocol schematic for the training study. &nbsp;<\/strong>Adapted from <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgz104\/5599745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Edinburgh et al., 2019<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study was randomized and controlled, so participants did not know what type of drink they ingested before and after exercising. 83% of participants reported that they could not detect differences between the sugary and placebo drinks or were unable to identify which beverage contained sugar. It should be noted that the sugar used here, maltodextrin (partially hydrolyzed starch), has a very low sweetening power and is therefore difficult to detect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blood samples and biopsies of a muscle located in the thigh (vastus lateralis) were taken before and after the intervention in order to measure different metabolites and proteins of interest. Glucose, glycerol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol, insulin, C-peptide, and fatty acids were measured in the blood, and phospholipid composition, protein content involved in glucose transport, insulin signalling and lipid metabolism were measured in the vastus lateralis muscle samples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not surprisingly, the control group did not improve their physical fitness or insulin sensitivity during these six weeks. On the contrary, the other two groups who exercised saw their fitness improved and their waistline decreased, although only a few of the participants lost weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most striking finding of the study was that participants who exercised on an empty stomach \u201cburned\u201d twice as much fat as those who consumed a sugary drink before the exercise session. Yet participants in both groups who exercised expended the same number of calories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Participants who ran on an empty stomach also saw their insulin sensitivity improve further and their muscles synthesized greater amounts of certain proteins (AMP-activated protein kinase, an energy sensor, and the glucose transporter&nbsp;GLUT4) involved in the response of muscle cells to insulin and the use of sugars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studies on exercise and metabolic health will need to consider the timing of meals in the future. Since it is not possible for everyone to exercise in the morning after the night fasting period, it will be interesting to check if it is possible to obtain the same metabolic benefits after a shorter daytime fasting period, for example, when exercising in the early evening after skipping lunch. However, it should not be forgotten that any physical activity (walking, housework, etc.), performed at any time of the day, is beneficial for health.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exercising on an empty stomach, rather than after a meal, could burn twice as much fat according to a randomized controlled study.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13226,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1577,1550,1569],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-13745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fasting","category-nutrition-en","category-physical-activity"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Exercising on an empty stomach, rather than after a meal, could burn twice as much fat according to a randomized controlled study.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/drjuneau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1254\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"836\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@PreventionICM\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@PreventionICM\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56\"},\"headline\":\"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\"},\"wordCount\":767,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Fasting\",\"Nutrition\",\"Physical activity\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\",\"name\":\"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg\",\"width\":1254,\"height\":836,\"caption\":\"Picture of people doing cardio training on treadmill in gym\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al\",\"description\":\"Promouvoir la pr\u00e9vention des maladies cardiovasculaires pour allonger l\u2019esp\u00e9rance de vie en sant\u00e9.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56\",\"name\":\"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-CA\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/1163e1b440a5fe4fc2e23b9e054dedef\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/dr-martin-juneau-1-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/dr-martin-juneau-1-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP\"},\"description\":\"Cardiologue, directeur de l'Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al.\u00a0Professeur titulaire de clinique, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al. \/ Cardiologist and Director of Prevention Watch, Montreal Heart Institute. Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/author\/dr-martin-juneau\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","og_description":"Exercising on an empty stomach, rather than after a meal, could burn twice as much fat according to a randomized controlled study.","og_url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/","og_site_name":"Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/drjuneau\/","article_published_time":"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1254,"height":836,"url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@PreventionICM","twitter_site":"@PreventionICM","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/"},"author":{"name":"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56"},"headline":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat","datePublished":"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00","dateModified":"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/"},"wordCount":767,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg","articleSection":["Fasting","Nutrition","Physical activity"],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/","name":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat | Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l&#039;Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg","datePublished":"2019-12-10T19:57:21+00:00","dateModified":"2024-02-21T18:46:01+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-CA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Picture-of-people-running-on-treadmill-in-gym-875561152_1258x838.jpeg","width":1254,"height":836,"caption":"Picture of people doing cardio training on treadmill in gym"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/2019\/12\/10\/exercise-on-an-empty-stomach-to-burn-more-fat\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Exercise on an empty stomach to burn more fat"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/","name":"Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","description":"Promouvoir la pr\u00e9vention des maladies cardiovasculaires pour allonger l\u2019esp\u00e9rance de vie en sant\u00e9.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-CA"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/cb7cf091552b04802675b8711c915e56","name":"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-CA","@id":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/1163e1b440a5fe4fc2e23b9e054dedef","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/dr-martin-juneau-1-96x96.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/dr-martin-juneau-1-96x96.jpg","caption":"Dr Martin Juneau, M.D., FRCP"},"description":"Cardiologue, directeur de l'Observatoire de la pr\u00e9vention de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al.\u00a0Professeur titulaire de clinique, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al. \/ Cardiologist and Director of Prevention Watch, Montreal Heart Institute. Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal.","url":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/author\/dr-martin-juneau\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13745"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13745\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13745"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/observatoireprevention.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=13745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}